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Pro Se 7. Kruse v. Karlen (Missouri). "More egregiously, we now turn to the actual authorities cited by Appellant." 22 fake cases.

midwestfrontierai.substack.com

Pro se litigant filed improperly formatted briefs after deadline extensions, and cited 24 cases total: 22 nonexistent cases and 2 cases cited did not stand for the proposition.

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Doppelgänger Hallucination Test Recap | Midwest Frontier AI Consulting
midwestfrontier.ai Chad Ratashak; Midwest Frontier AI Consulting LLC

Back in October 2025, I coined the phrase Doppelgänger Hallucination after a hunch about LLM hallucinations led me to find that both Google AI Overviews and Perplexity "confirmed" the existence of nonexistent legal cases.

2 inbound links article en LawGooglePerplexityHallucinationSeries: Doppelgänger Hallucinations